# MC-Manager — Claude Code Instructions

## Project Overview
Minecraft Server Manager — full-stack Next.js 16 (App Router) web app for managing Minecraft server instances. Each server runs in its own Docker container.

## Commands
```bash
npm run dev       # Dev server (port 3000, Turbopack)
npm run build     # Production build
npm run lint      # ESLint
npm run seed      # Seed DB with default roles + admin user (tsx scripts/seed.ts)
```

## Actual Tech Stack (exact versions matter)
- **Framework:** Next.js 16.1.6, React 19.2.3, TypeScript 5 (strict)
- **Styling:** Tailwind CSS 4 — uses `@import "tailwindcss"` syntax, NOT `@tailwind base/components/utilities`
- **Database:** MongoDB via Mongoose 9.1.6 — cached connection in `src/lib/mongodb.ts`
- **Auth:** JWT dual-token (1h access + 7d refresh) in HTTP-only cookies; mandatory 2FA via email; bcryptjs (12 rounds)
- **Containers:** dockerode 4.0.9 — Docker Engine API via Unix socket
- **Scheduling:** node-cron 4.2.1 — runs inside Next.js process (no external scheduler)
- **Icons:** Lucide React only — never use any other icon library
- **Email:** Microsoft Graph API primary (`src/lib/email-graph.ts`), SMTP/nodemailer fallback — always dual-provider

## Project Structure
```
src/app/           — Pages + API routes (App Router)
src/components/    — Shared UI; templates/DataManagementTemplate for CRUD pages
src/contexts/      — AuthContext, ToastContext, ConfirmationContext
src/hooks/         — useConsole, useServerStatus, useAuth, useToast, useConfirmation
src/lib/           — Server-only utilities (never import in client components):
  auth.ts          — validateSession, generateAccessToken/RefreshToken, verifyPassword,
                     hashPassword, hasPermission, setAuthCookies, clearAuthCookies,
                     generate2FACode, hash2FACode, verify2FACode, send2FAEmail, sendEmail
  email-graph.ts   — getMsalClient, getGraphClient, sendGraphEmail (Azure MSAL)
  mongodb.ts       — connectToDatabase() (cached Mongoose connection)
  models.ts        — User, Role, Server, Backup, AuditLog (Mongoose schemas + TS interfaces)
  docker.ts        — getDockerClient, createServerContainer, ensureServerDirectory,
                     getContainerByName, getContainerById, mapContainerState,
                     getItzgServerType, getServersBasePath, getServerPath
  backup-scheduler.ts — initBackupScheduler, registerBackupJob, removeBackupJob, updateBackupJob
  audit.ts         — createAuditLog, getClientIP
  input-validation.ts — sanitizeString, sanitizeHtml, sanitizeObject, isValidObjectId,
                        isValidEmail, isValidCron, isValidPort
  date-utils.ts    — formatDate, formatDateTime, formatDateForInput, formatFileSize,
                     formatRelativeTime
src/types/         — server.ts (Server, ServerType, supportsPlugins, supportsMods),
                     user.ts (User, AuthUser, Role, Permission, SessionPayload),
                     backup.ts (Backup, BackupType, BackupStatus)
src/middleware.ts  — Next.js middleware
```

## Critical Conventions

### Pages
- Every page MUST start with `'use client'`
- Add `export const dynamic = 'force-dynamic'` only if the page uses `useSearchParams()`
- Never use raw `<img>` — always `next/image`
- Allowed remote image domains: `mc-heads.net`, `crafatar.com`

### Dates & Sizes — NEVER create custom formatters
Always import from `@/lib/date-utils`:
```ts
formatDate(date)           // "Jan 15, 2026"
formatDateTime(date)       // "Jan 15, 2026 at 2:30 PM"
formatDateForInput(date)   // "2026-01-15" (for <input type="date">)
formatFileSize(bytes)      // "1.5 GB", "256 MB", "12 KB"
formatRelativeTime(date)   // "2 hours ago", "just now"
```

### CRUD Pages
Use `DataManagementTemplate` from `@/components/templates/` — provides search, filter, sort, table, empty state, and create button. Never build custom data tables from scratch.

### Drawers over Modals for detail views
Drawers use `max-w-3xl animate-slide-in-right`. Modals (`Modal.tsx`) are for creation/confirmation.

### Import Order (enforce this order)
1. React hooks
2. Next.js hooks (`useRouter`, `useSearchParams`, etc.)
3. Contexts (`useAuth`, `useToast`, `useConfirmation`)
4. Lib utilities
5. Components

### Server Type Helpers (from `@/types/server`)
```ts
supportsPlugins(type: ServerType): boolean   // true only for 'bukkit'
supportsMods(type: ServerType): boolean      // true for 'forge' | 'fabric'
```
Always gate plugin/mod UI and API logic behind these — never hardcode type checks.

## API Route Pattern (enforce this exact order)

```ts
import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server'
import { validateSession, hasPermission } from '@/lib/auth'
import { getClientIP, createAuditLog } from '@/lib/audit'
import { sanitizeObject } from '@/lib/input-validation'
import { isValidObjectId } from '@/lib/input-validation'
import { connectToDatabase } from '@/lib/mongodb'

export async function POST(request: NextRequest) {
  const clientIP = getClientIP(request)

  // 1. Auth
  const session = await validateSession(request)
  if (!session) return NextResponse.json({ error: 'Unauthorized' }, { status: 401 })

  // 2. Permission check — ALWAYS audit-log denials
  if (!hasPermission(session, 'resource:action')) {
    await createAuditLog({ action: '...', ..., status: 'FAILED', statusCode: 403, clientIP })
    return NextResponse.json({ error: 'Forbidden' }, { status: 403 })
  }

  // 3. Sanitize input BEFORE any use
  const { field1, field2 } = sanitizeObject(await request.json())

  // 4. Validate params
  if (!isValidObjectId(someId)) return NextResponse.json({ error: '...' }, { status: 400 })

  // 5. DB + business logic
  await connectToDatabase()
  // ... Mongoose queries ...

  // 6. Audit log every mutation (success AND failure)
  await createAuditLog({
    action: 'entity_created',
    entityType: 'entity',
    entityId: doc._id.toString(),
    entityName: doc.name,
    userId: session._id,
    userName: session.username,
    userEmail: session.email,
    newValues: { ... },
    clientIP,
    status: 'SUCCESS',
    statusCode: 201,
  })

  return NextResponse.json({ success: true, data: doc }, { status: 201 })
}
```

**HTTP status codes:** 200 OK, 201 Created, 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden, 404 Not Found, 409 Conflict, 500 Internal Server Error

## Security — Non-Negotiable Rules
- Server-side permission checks are authoritative; client-side is UI-only
- `sanitizeObject()` on ALL request bodies before any use
- Parameterized Mongoose queries only — never string concatenation in queries
- Audit log ALL mutations (CREATE/UPDATE/DELETE) with previousValues + newValues + clientIP
- Never expose `passwordHash`, `twoFactorCode`, `twoFactorExpiry`, `loginAttempts` in API responses — use `.select('-passwordHash -twoFactorCode ...')` on Mongoose queries
- Permission format: `resource:action` (e.g., `servers:edit`, `backups:delete`)
- Admin wildcard: `*:*`

## Permissions Reference
```
servers:view    servers:create    servers:edit      servers:delete
servers:start   servers:stop      servers:restart   servers:console
backups:view    backups:create    backups:restore   backups:delete
plugins:view    plugins:install   plugins:remove    plugins:toggle
mods:view       mods:install      mods:remove       mods:toggle
players:view    players:whitelist players:op        players:ban
users:view      users:create      users:edit        users:delete
roles:view      roles:create      roles:edit        roles:delete
audit:view
```

## UI Patterns — Dark Glassmorphism

### Use these CSS utility classes (defined in `globals.css`):
- `.glass` — standard card/panel (rgba white 6%, blur 24px)
- `.glass-lg` — hero/prominent panels (rgba white 8%, blur 40px)
- `.glass-surface` — subtle surfaces (rgba white 7%, blur 16px)
- `.glass-input` — form inputs with cyan glow on focus
- `.glass-shine` — adds top-edge gradient highlight via `::before`
- `.glow-cyan`, `.glow-emerald`, `.glow-amber`, `.glow-red` — colored box shadows

### Background layers
- Page background: `#050510` (set on `body` in globals.css — do NOT override with bg-* classes)
- Surfaces: `bg-white/[0.06]` or `.glass`
- Elevated: `bg-white/[0.08]` or `.glass-lg`

### Color semantics (Tailwind)
| Meaning | Color |
|---------|-------|
| Primary/action | `cyan-400` / `cyan-500` |
| Success / online | `emerald-400` / `emerald-500` |
| Warning / pending | `amber-400` / `amber-500` |
| Error / danger / offline | `red-400` / `red-500` |
| Neutral | `gray-400` through `gray-900` |

### Text
- Primary: `text-gray-100`
- Secondary: `text-gray-400`
- Muted/placeholder: `text-gray-500`

### Buttons
```
Primary:    bg-cyan-500 hover:bg-cyan-600 text-white rounded-lg
Danger:     bg-red-500 hover:bg-red-600 text-white rounded-lg
Secondary:  bg-white/[0.08] hover:bg-white/[0.12] text-gray-200 rounded-lg border border-white/[0.12]
```

### Badges
```
Info:     bg-cyan-500/20 text-cyan-400
Success:  bg-emerald-500/20 text-emerald-400
Warning:  bg-amber-500/20 text-amber-400
Error:    bg-red-500/20 text-red-400
```

### Animations (all defined in globals.css)
- `animate-fade-in` (200ms)
- `animate-scale-in` (250ms) — modals
- `animate-slide-in-right` (300ms) — drawers, toasts
- `animate-slide-up` (300ms)
- Only animate `transform` and `opacity`; keep under 300ms

### Tables
```
Container:  .glass rounded-xl overflow-hidden
Header:     bg-white/[0.05] text-gray-400 text-xs uppercase tracking-wider
Row:        border-b border-white/[0.06] hover:bg-white/[0.04]
Dividers:   divide-y divide-white/[0.06]
```

## Docker Architecture

### Key docker.ts patterns
```ts
// Always use getDockerClient() singleton
import { getDockerClient, getServerPath, createServerContainer, mapContainerState } from '@/lib/docker'

// Container naming
containerName = `mc-${server._id}`

// getItzgServerType maps server type to Docker env
// 'bukkit' → 'PAPER' (not 'BUKKIT')
// 'vanilla' → 'VANILLA'
// 'forge' → 'FORGE'
// 'fabric' → 'FABRIC'

// Volume mount pattern (SELinux-compatible)
// ${serverPath}:/data:Z
```

### Volume layout
```
${MC_SERVERS_PATH}/{serverId}/
├── server.properties
├── world/           # Backed up
├── plugins/         # bukkit only
├── mods/            # forge/fabric only
├── logs/
└── backups/
```

### Environment variables
```env
MC_SERVERS_PATH=/opt/mc-servers    # Base path for server volumes
DOCKER_SOCKET=/var/run/docker.sock # Docker socket
DOCKER_UID=1000                    # Container user ID (chown on dir creation)
DOCKER_GID=1000                    # Container group ID
```

### Container status mapping
Docker state → app `ServerStatus`:
- `running` → `online`
- `created` / `restarting` → `starting`
- `paused` / `removing` → `stopping`
- `exited` → `offline`
- `dead` → `crashed`

### Backup process
1. Exec RCON `save-off` + `save-all flush` (pause world saving)
2. `tar -czf "${filePath}" -C "${serverPath}" world`
3. Exec RCON `save-on` (resume)
4. Create/update `Backup` document
5. Delete oldest backups beyond `backupRetention` limit

### next.config.ts note
`dockerode` and `node-cron` are in `serverExternalPackages` — they can only run server-side.

## Data Models Quick Reference

### Server.status values
`online` | `offline` | `starting` | `stopping` | `crashed`

### Server.type values
`vanilla` | `bukkit` | `forge` | `fabric`

### Backup.type / Backup.status
- type: `manual` | `scheduled`
- status: `completed` | `in_progress` | `failed`

### User.status values
`active` | `inactive` | `locked`

### AuditLog.status values
`SUCCESS` | `FAILED` (always uppercase)

## Contexts — How to Use

```ts
// Auth
const { user, loading, login, verify2FA, logout, hasPermission, refreshUser } = useAuth()

// Toast notifications
const { showToast } = useToast()
showToast('Server started', 'success')   // 'success' | 'error' | 'info' | 'warning'

// Confirmation dialogs (returns Promise<boolean>)
const { showConfirmation } = useConfirmation()
const ok = await showConfirmation({
  title: 'Delete Server?',
  message: 'This will permanently delete',
  itemName: server.name,
  type: 'danger',   // 'danger' | 'warning' | 'info'
})
```

## Hooks Quick Reference

```ts
// Console streaming + command sending
const { lines, connected, sending, sendCommand, clearConsole } = useConsole(serverId)

// Single server status polling (default 10s interval)
const { status, players, loading, refresh } = useServerStatus(serverId)

// All servers status (default 15s interval)
const { servers, loading, refresh } = useAllServersStatus()
```

## Real-Time Console (SSE)
- **Stream:** GET `/api/servers/[id]/console` → EventSource / SSE
- **Send command:** POST `/api/servers/[id]/console` with `{ command: string }`
- Client-side: use `useConsole()` hook — never reimplement SSE manually

## Authentication Flow Summary
1. POST `/api/auth/login` → sends 2FA email → returns `{ requiresTwoFactor: true }` + sets `pending_2fa` cookie (10 min)
2. POST `/api/auth/verify-2fa` → validates code → sets `session-token` (1h) + `refresh-token` (7d) cookies
3. GET `/api/auth/me` → returns `AuthUser` from current session
4. POST `/api/auth/logout` → clears cookies
5. POST `/api/auth/refresh` → rotates access token

Account lockout: 5 failed login attempts → 30-minute lockout (tracked via `loginAttempts` + `lockUntil`)

## API Routes Map
```
/api/auth/              login, logout, me, refresh, verify-2fa
/api/users/             GET list, POST create
/api/users/[id]         PATCH update, DELETE
/api/roles/             GET list, POST create
/api/roles/[id]         PATCH update, DELETE
/api/servers/           GET list, POST create
/api/servers/[id]       GET, PATCH, DELETE
/api/servers/[id]/start                   POST
/api/servers/[id]/stop                    POST
/api/servers/[id]/restart                 POST
/api/servers/[id]/console                 GET (SSE stream), POST (command)
/api/servers/[id]/stats                   GET
/api/servers/[id]/configuration           GET/PATCH (server.properties)
/api/servers/[id]/backups                 GET, POST (create manual)
/api/servers/[id]/backups/[backupId]      DELETE
/api/servers/[id]/backups/[backupId]/restore  POST
/api/servers/[id]/plugins                 GET, POST (upload JAR)
/api/servers/[id]/plugins/[filename]      DELETE
/api/servers/[id]/plugins/[filename]/toggle   PATCH
/api/servers/[id]/mods                    GET, POST (upload JAR)
/api/servers/[id]/mods/[filename]         DELETE
/api/servers/[id]/mods/[filename]/toggle  PATCH
/api/servers/[id]/players                 GET (online players)
/api/servers/[id]/players/[name]/[action] POST (op, deop, ban, unban, whitelist)
/api/servers/[id]/files                   GET (file browser)
/api/servers/[id]/logs                    GET (log files)
/api/audit                                GET
/api/health                               GET
```

## Pages Map (all `'use client'`)
```
/                         Redirect → /dashboard or /login
/login                    Login + 2FA flow
/(app)/dashboard          Overview: server stats, quick-access server list
/(app)/servers            Server list (DataManagementTemplate)
/(app)/servers/[id]       Server overview / detail
/(app)/servers/[id]/console
/(app)/servers/[id]/configuration
/(app)/servers/[id]/plugins
/(app)/servers/[id]/mods
/(app)/servers/[id]/backups
/(app)/servers/[id]/logs
/(app)/servers/[id]/files
/(app)/servers/[id]/players
/(app)/users              User management (DataManagementTemplate)
/(app)/roles              Role management (DataManagementTemplate)
/(app)/audit              Audit log viewer (DataManagementTemplate)
```

## Common Mistakes to Avoid
- **Do NOT** import `src/lib/` utilities in client components — they're server-only (use API routes instead)
- **Do NOT** use `bg-gray-950` / `bg-gray-900` for backgrounds — use `.glass`, `.glass-surface`, or `bg-white/[0.06]` per the glassmorphism system
- **Do NOT** use `tailwind.config.js` extend syntax for new colors — use Tailwind 4's CSS variable approach in globals.css if needed
- **Do NOT** skip sanitizing request body before using any field
- **Do NOT** build custom date formatters — use `@/lib/date-utils`
- **Do NOT** build custom data tables — use `DataManagementTemplate`
- **Do NOT** use any icon library other than `lucide-react`
- **Do NOT** allow plugin routes on non-bukkit servers or mod routes on non-forge/fabric — return 400 with type mismatch error
- **Do NOT** expose sensitive user fields in API responses (`passwordHash`, `twoFactorCode`, etc.)
- **Do NOT** skip audit logging on mutations — every CREATE/UPDATE/DELETE must log success AND failure